psychosocial's posterous

Blackpool and the Butler life cycle

This is the butler model.

Exploration-this is when small numbers of visiters are attracted to the placeby something for example good beaches or attractive landscape. This is when the local people have not developed anything about tourism.

Involvment-This picture shows the involvment ofthe local people and tourism, in the foreground you can see tourists looking out to see and in the background you can see buildings that looks like ahotel or B&B.
 Development-This picture shows the development of Blackpool because of the new train tracks built to Blackpool. Consolidation-The was in which this picture shows consolidation is that it looks very popular and the beach looks as if it is in good condition and so does the surroundings and therefore it hasen't gone into stagnation yet

Stagnation-this pictures shows a run down old arcade that looks very tatty and also it does not look very popular and so it looks like stagnation has occured.

Reguvenation-this picture shows new more modern designs in Blackpool that give the impression that they are trying to encourage more people to come again.

Decline, this is were an area does not take action on the drop of tourism and quility of that area and therefore the reputation of the place goes down and so does tourism, and so the whole area could become very tatty and "crummy". (In the words of Mr.Jenkins)
 

Dawlish pictures

Dawlish

Dawlish

Dawlish is town situated in Devon. It is in the south west of England. Dawlish is 12 miles south of Exeter and is a coastal town looking on to the British Channel, due to it originally being a shipping town.
From the 18C Dawlish grew from a small fishing town into a well-known tourist resort.
Rock pools on Dawlish’s beaches were very rich in salt but when this was found out recourses were limited but eventually salterns were used to dry out the brine and produce salt. All that was produced was stored in either sheds, or saltcellars. Although Dawlish did produce salt, it did not produce as much as the neighbouring town on Teignmouth. This is due to the people of Dawlish being wary of the water and its unpredictability when there were floods. Dawlish is named after a stream near Dawlish with a Brythonic name of Deawlisc. This meant “devils water”. The salt industry went on from before Roman times so around 55BC and it continued until the withdrawal of the Romans around 400AD. Dawlish grew when the railway system started to get going, and in 1830 Isambard Kingdom Brunel designed a railway system for the town, this meant that more and more people could visit the town easier and therefore the town could grow with tourism. Until the 19C Dawlish belonged to the Exeter Cathedral.
So overall through the whole of Dawlish’s existence it has relied on the export of both salt and fish but over time the town has become more reliant on tourism due to it bringing in more income, this means that old trades have been shut down and the town has just become one big tourist attraction.  

Sidmouth sea defences HW

Sidmouth 360 HW

 

Break water-Break waters (also known as bulkheads) are structures built to reduce the intensity of waves coming into shore and wave energy therefore there is less coastal erosion. Break waters are built up to 100-300 feet off shore and they are mostly out unattached to the coastline but sometimes they have one end touching the shore. They are designed to mainly protect against slowly sloping shores. They can either be floating or fixed to the shore bed. Break waters are usually parallel or perpendicular to the shore. The Advantages of this method are that it works well to stop coastal erosion and also long shore drift.  Disadvantages of this are that they are an eyesore and ruin any chance of surf and makes access to boats limited.

Sea wall- Sea walls are structures that are made from mainly reinforced concrete which is resistant to the battering of waves. They are built on the inland parts of the coast to stop the effects of large waves. The advantages of sea walls are that they deflect the effects of erosion; the disadvantages are that they are very expensive, (£2000-£5000 per metre) they create a lot of backwash meaning that the beach if sandy can quickly get eroded away. Also if sea walls are not very well built with a bad design they are constantly needed for repair.

Rock Armour-Rock armour is a simple idea of just having stacked up piles of rocks that protect structures against the coast, and the shore line etc. The main type of rock used is granite. Rock armour is often used to defend old sea walls that could be hundreds of years old, they do this by absorbing all the energy created by the waves. Advantages of this are that they are reliable and they work well. Disadvantages are that they can be easily eroded and therefore need to be replaced and that means that it can be expensive.  

Coastal process

Coastal process

Mass movement -Mass movement the way that rocks and earth materials fall down a hill or cliff

There are several ways in which this can happen, these include of fall, flow, slump, creep and slide. Ways that rock falls down hills/cliffs all depends on what the cliff is like. If it is a hard rocked cliff then falling of rocks will occur and also sliding of rocks will occur and example of a place where this might happen is at the cliff at east Essex and on soft rocked cliffs you will get slumping, creeping, and also flowing. This is all due to the way in which the soil particles are thinker in some places meaning that there are different ways in which rock falls.  

Weathering -This is the breakdown of rocks in situ.
There are different forms of weathering these are chemical, biological, and freeze thaw.
Chemical weathering-this is when a chemical reaction takes place with the soil/rocks to break it down and therefore erode it. E.g. when rain water hits certain types of rocks it breaks them down. (Rain water is a slight carbonic acid) Biological weathering-this is where both animals and plants causes soil/rocks to break up. Whenever birds excrete onto rocks and cause it to break down. Also it could be roots breaking up soil and causing a cliff fall. Freeze thaw-this is where water gets into cracks in rocks and expands creating bigger cracks and causes the rock to break down.

Erosion- The process of eroding or the condition of being eroded.
There are many different ways of erosion on cliffs, these include of attrition, hydraulic action, abrasion and also corrosion. Attrition-this is when rock etc carried through water hit against in waves meaning that they break down each other to make more smaller particles. Hydraulic action-this is when the waves pound the cliffs and erodes it away. Corrosion- is chemical reaction erosion. It’s where the salt in sea water dissolves away soft rocked cliffs and erodes away the cliff. Abrasion is where materials are carried along by waves and then hitting the cliff and therefore eroding it away.
Erosion causes wave cut platforms.

Exam Question-sustainability.

BEDZED is a good example of a sustainable settlement due it being very social, environmental, and economical capable. Some of the thinks that BEDZED does to make it so sustainable are:

• They discourage the use of cars via limiting parking spaces. This means that less pollution is caused by cars and there is less congestion.
• They incourage public transportation.
• They incourage cycling, they do this by creating lots of cycle lanes and places where you can hire out bicycles.
• They incourage walking, they do this by making lots of public footpaths.
• BEDZED has been build near a railway in order so that the people who live there do not have to drive or use any polluting form of transport to get there.
• They incourage people to work at home by making sure that they have good internet conections.
• The houses are all eco friendly in the sence that they all run on both solar and wind power, and they use woodchips instead of other fuels.
• BEDZED is within a 15 minutes walk away There is a tramlink service from crydon or wimbledom to mithham junction station.
• The apartments are built to a high standard to attract "the urban perfessional"
• More eco-friendly cars are encouraged as they have priority over petrol or diesel powered cars and electricity is providided at parking spaces for electrical cars.

In conclusion the BEDZED settlement matches all the specifications that are needed for sustainability. It meets the social aspect by having everything near to where people live which means that it is easier to get to places, and the quality of the housing is built to a high standard in order that people enjoy they're living environment. BEDZED matches the environmental aspect by making sure that everything creates as low carbon emmisions as possible. And also it promotes environmentally friendly transportation. The BEDZED community matches the economic aspect by all the houses and building being run on cheap, alternative, ecofriendly fuels. ( e.g. wind power. ) The wind turbines are cheap to use as they need little maitenence and they do not cost any thing to run. BEDZED housing also use woodchips which is a cheap alternative to other fuels.

Zabaleen hw

The Zabaleen (Arabic for “Garbage Collector”)

 

Who are they?

They are an Egyptian community of mainly Coptic Christians who collect and dispose of all the waste that is made in Cairo. 

Where do they live?

They live on the near the edge of Cairo near to the Azhar Park. The area in which the Zabaleen community live is called “The Garbage City”.  Although the “Garbage City” has shops, apartments and streets it is not like any other area and hence it being a slum. The area lacks running water, sewage and electricity. All of this means that the area is labelled as a slum.

How do they make a living from the rubbish?

The Zabaleen make a living from the rubbish by collecting and finding rubbish and either selling it on or using it. They also feed any organic waste to their pigs. Metal waste products are sold off by the kilo to be melted down to be reused. The way that the zabaleen collect all of the rubbish is either by horse/donkey pulled carts that can have up to 10ft piles of rubbish on or they are collected by small trucks. All families in the Zabaleen community have certain roles in which they work. For example one family might be sorting out different plastic bottle where other families might be sorting metal cans out from the rest of the rubbish.

In what ways do the Zabaleen offer a sustainable solution to waste disposal?   

The zabaleen offer a very efficient way of disposing garbage and since they do it at very small fees or even nothing they are a very good alterative to paying more taxes for garbage men who are hired by the councils. So it is a better alternative for the people who live in Cairo. They also recycle the majority of the waste created in Cairo which means that they are being more environmentally friendly that the council’s garbage men would be. They also make sustainability to the companies that they sell all the waste on to.  Also there was no actual garbage collection scheme that the government had put down until the 1980’s and it was all done by the zabaleen. Also the garbage that is not collected by the zabaleen in burnt which adds to Cairo’s air pollution so with the zabaleens contribution to garbage collection they are helping the pollution problems in Cairo.

What problems do the zabaleen face?

One of the many problems that the Zabaleen face is the pig cull that effected their way of life completely. Due to the threat of swine flu Egypt had a pig cull in order to reduce the chances of the disease spreading through Cairo. The pigs are a very important part of the Zabaleens like as they eat all the organic waste that is made. The zabaleen also face medical problems and disease is easily spread through the community. They face diseases suck as hepatitis and they also faced having swine flu being spread through the community.  The zabaleen also face the government that are strictly against them, but as they are braking no law there is nothing that they can directly do. The government wants Cairo to be seen as a modern city with modern facilities, so the zabaleen are not what they want as they do not use modern methods of both picking up and getting rid of waste.   

Traffic Problems in Exeters CBD-How to solve them

Exeter's CBD has many traffic problem that are all to do with congestion and the ever growing amount of vehicles in cities. Here I will list 5 ways to help solve the congestion problems. 

1. More buses that could include of a park & ride system. This could help because more people would take the bus which would mean there are less cars on the road and therefore creating less traffic. 
2. A park and Glide system. This could be a very good new form of public transport because it would mean that there would be both less cars, but also buses. 
3. An underground railway network. This would also be a very good form of public transport as it would free up the roads and also it would be quicker than taking the bus, boat(park and glide) or car. 
4. A congestion charge. This would be a method that puts off people to drive in the city because people don't want to pay a charge for driving and therefore the public transport would be more popular.  
5. A flexxy-time system. This would eliminate "rush hour" traffic due to the fact that people would be going to and from work.  

Princesshay redevelopment questions.

 

1. Describe the location of Exeter in a short "Twitter" style comment- A developing urban city in the south west of England.
2. What do you think is meant by the term "urban redevelopment"? Creating a better Town/City area and making the facilities better for the people who live in rural area. E.g. making health centers, sports facilities, schools, shops and housing.
3. Explain the reasons why Exeter City Council decided to redevelop Princesshay. Based on the photographic evidence, do you agree with them? From looking at the photographs the building look old and abandoned so they were just sitting there taking up space. They decided to develop the area because it is right in the middle of Exeter and it creates business to the local community there. They also did it because the population of Britain is increasing and building flats where the old factories were means that the housing market will not be so expensive and more people have a place to live in instead of homelessness. Exeter was also in risk of losing its position as a major destination for shoppers.        
4. List some of the objections by local people to the Princesshay redevelopment. Somebody thought that there are too many shops in Exeter and that building more is unnecessary, also he thought that there should be more facilities for younger people and there should be a bigger theatre for west end shows etc.  The same person thought that the designs of the building were boring and not really moving Exeter forward. Someone thought that there should be a zoo, aquarium, children activities center, and stuff to do for less than 18’s to do. Also he thought that he would like to see more catacombs, underground tunnels, shows in the park/cathedral green and street theatre.
   Someone also thought that the new development would mean that the farmers market would no longer work and that the new replacement for knocking down the old building would mean that it would all not be wide enough for the market. Also somebody thought that they would rather keep the old building that have a new ugly mall.
5. Define the following terms used in the resource:
             Mixed land use- An area of land that can be used in different uses.
             Conservation- a. (noun) conservation, preservation 
   an  occurrence of improvement by virtue of preventing loss or injury or other change 
    b. (noun) conservation 
   the  preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources 
   c. (noun) conservation 
   (physics) the  maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations 
   Revitalize- bring back to life
         Regeneration- Transforming  old building etc. into newer better building for the better for the public.

Sustainable urban development- A living area in a town/city that is sustainable and adequate to normal living standards. 
Section 106 agreement- Section 106 (S106) of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 allows a local planning authority (LPA) to enter into a legally-binding agreement or planning obligation with a landowner in association with the granting of planning permission. The obligation is termed a Section 106 Agreement.

These agreements are a way of delivering or addressing matters that are necessary to make a development acceptable in planning terms. They are increasingly used to support the provision of services and infrastructure, such as highways, recreational facilities, education, health and affordable housing.

6. Do you think that Princesshay has revitalized the CBD of Exeter? Explain your answer using evidence from the virtual tour. I think that the Princesshay development was revitalizing to the CBD because it has brought lots of new housing shops and also a lot more business to the area. It has brought lots of new shops which means that Exeter remains a main city to shop for the south west. The new CBD brings lots more people to Exeter increasing Exeter’s economy which means that more improvements can be made to Exeter.  
7. Is Princesshay a good example of a sustainable redevelopment? Princesshay is both a good and bad example of redevelopment and improvement. The good side of it is that it has brought more style to Exeter and it has been changed for the better when it comes to the ever growing popularity that is in England. The new redevelopment has brought more housing and shops to Exeter which has made Exeter a more likely place for people to come to for both shopping and living. The redevelopment has modernized Exeter and made it a better place to both visit and live. The bad sides of the redevelopment is Princesshay are that the larger businesses that have been introduced to Exeter have caused other small businesses to be shut down due to the bigger better businesses having all the business in Exeter. Hole streets of local business are either going out business or they already have. The good side of  is more to do with the people who live in Exeter but do not have a small business there and for people of the south west due to the fact that people who don’t live in Exeter will use it to shop for clothes etc. So overall the redevelopment had a mixed outcome with both significant good and bad affects of to Exeter’s Princesshay. 

 

            

            

 

Jack Cole 

 

Homework (Changes in Wellington and Taunton)

Wellington and Taunton have changed a lot through out the last twenty years but more so Taunton that Wellington.
Some of the changes to Taunton include of the new bridge and road that go over the railway and also the park and ride that is near there. Also Taunton town center has been completely regenerated in the way that there has been a roundabout made and pavements have been widend also. Also there have been more houses made in between Wellington and Taunton. Some more recent changes are to do with the recession which include of a lot of shops closing down and some being replaced. Some of these shops include of Woolworth's in Taunton which has not been replaced yet but it is rumoured that it will be replaced by a TK-MAX. Another shop is Zavvi which has been replaced by a HMV etc. 

Wellington has changed for example the Wellington monument has recently been fenced of due to it being very unsafe. The national trust has said that it will cost around four and a half million pounds to fix. Wellington has had a new superstore built on the outskirts but it is yet to be claimed by and superstore company so it is just sitting empty in Wellington. Also the shop that was once a Leo's that then changed co-operative has now changed into a ASDA. Quick-save has also gone out of business in Wellington which is another empty building in Wellington. Also the national bakery Greggs has got a new shop in the middle of Wellington. 

I'm sure there have been a lot more changes but hey.